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Biology lesson plan: Sources of genetic variation

Topic: Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from new genetic combinations through meiosis, viable errors occurring during replication, and/or mutations caused by environmental factors (HS-LS3-2). Adjust the settings, then copy the prompt.

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Planning notes for this lesson

Prerequisite skills to check: DNA, chromosomes and inherited traits (HS-LS3-1); cell division and mitosis (HS-LS1-4); what a gene and an allele are; reading a simple data table.

Key vocabulary: genetic variation, inheritable, meiosis, crossing over, new genetic combination, DNA replication, mutation, environmental factor, viable, claim, evidence and reasoning.

Warm-up idea: Show a photo of siblings with the same two parents who look different. Ask: if they got their DNA from the same two people, where did the differences come from? Collect ideas, then sort them into the three sources the lesson will test.

Exit ticket idea: Students get a short data set or scenario (for example offspring traits from the same parents, a replication error rate, or mutation counts after UV exposure), make a written claim about which source of variation it shows, and defend it with evidence and reasoning in a claim-evidence-reasoning paragraph.

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